<aside> ☝ From this section, you must know…
When examining environmental factors, consider the following questions: What aspects of the environment affect human habitation? What problems would we want to solve?
The environment affects several human choices, including food, shelter, clothing, and general way of life.
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| Plants and Animals | Definition The animals and vegetation commonly found in an area Example Maize (corn) is native to South America Adaptation People can change their diet to suit the area. Maize (corn) is the base of ancient American diets. Modification Introducing new plants and animals to an area. | | --- | --- | | Climate | Definition the seasonal pattern of weather in a place over a long period of time. Example Houston has a tropical climate and is hot and humid most of the year. Adaptation Inventions like air conditioning can make life more comfortable. Other examples in areas include seasonal clothing or farming practices. | | Physical Features | Definition The terrain in an area. People prefer flat, fertile areas where building and farming is easy Example Settlements can be established in harsher conditions, such as the Andes Mountains Adaptation Using animals that are better suited to the environment (llamas, camels) Modification Terrace farming, that allows for farming on mountain sides | | Bodies of Water | Definition Oceans and freshwater such as lakes and rivers. Freshwater is important for providing drinking water. Example The ancient Aztec civilization was founded on a series of lakes in Mexico Adaptation Water conservation, collection of rainwater Modification Building canals from a freshwater source to irrigate dry areas, land reclamation | | Seismic Activity | Definition Earthquake, tremors, and tsunami Example The Ring of Fire, where earthquakes and seismic disasters are frequent Adaptation Many areas try to “earthquake-proof” buildings, practice emergency drills Modification Securing landslide-prone mountain sides |