https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wUVvTqvjUaM&pp=ygUNbW9uZ29sIGVtcGlyZQ==
Genghis Khan (1162-1227 CE) was the founder and first Great Khan (title similar to ‘king’ for a leader of Mongolia) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest empire in history after his death. He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of Northeast Asia. With an empire so large, the Silk Road was largely protected by easy-communication and trade between Asia, the Islamic caliphates, and medieval Europe.
Genghis Khan’s grandsons continued expanding his empire and today, Genghis Khan is revered in Mongolia as the nation’s founding father, but because of the brutality of his military campaigns, he is also remembered as a genocidal ruler. He wished to be buried in an unmarked grave and his location remains unknown.
Genghis Khan ordained that the army should be organized in such a way that over ten men should beset one man and he is what we call a captain of ten; over ten of these should be placed one, named a captain of a hundred; at the head of ten captains of a hundred is placed a soldier known as a captain of a thousand, and over ten captains of a thousand is one man, and the word they use for this number is “tuman”. Two or three chiefs are in command of the whole army, yet in such a way that one holds the supreme command.
When they are in battle, if one or two or three or even more out of a group of ten run away, all are put to death; and if a whole group of ten flees, the rest of the group of a hundred are all put to death, if they do not flee too. In a word, unless they retreat (withdraw) in a body, all who take flight (flee; try to run away) are put to death. Likewise if one or two or more go forward boldly to the fight, then the rest of the ten are put to death if they do not follow and, if one or more of the ten are captured, their companions are put to death if they do not rescue them
Source: A scene from “The Shah Namah” or “Book of Kings,” a Persian manuscript ca.1300, showing the execution of a prisoner by a Mongol soldier as others are buried alive upside down.